Swedish citizenship — frequently asked questions
The requirements for Swedish citizenship, the new citizenship test, applying and processing times — explained in plain language, with links to the Migration Agency and UHR.
Questions in this category
What are the requirements to become a Swedish citizen in 2026?
For citizenship by application you must prove your identity, be 18 or older, hold permanent residence or right of residence, have lived in Sweden long enough (habitual residence) and live an orderly life. Since 6 June 2026 there is also a self-support requirement and a requirement to show knowledge of Swedish and of society.
What changed for Swedish citizenship on 6 June 2026?
New, stricter rules apply from 6 June 2026. The main habitual-residence rule rose from 5 to 8 years, a self-support requirement was introduced, and knowledge of Swedish and society became mandatory for applicants aged 16–66. The new rules also apply to applications not yet decided before that date.
What is the citizenship test and do I have to take it?
The citizenship test is a knowledge test run by UHR and one way to meet the requirement to show knowledge of Swedish society. The first test is on 15 August 2026. Migrationsverket decides who needs to take it — many can instead prove their knowledge with school grades, SFI or komvux.
How do I apply for Swedish citizenship — cost and processing time?
Adults apply to Migrationsverket, usually through the e-service on Min sida, and attend an identity meeting at a Migrationsverket office. The application fee for adults is SEK 2,900 (some stateless people are exempt). There is no fixed processing time — check the current fee and waiting time with Migrationsverket.
Does Sweden allow dual citizenship?
Yes. From the Swedish side, dual citizenship has been allowed since the reform that took effect on 1 July 2001. So you normally do not have to give up your previous citizenship. But whether you may keep it is decided entirely by the other country's laws — some countries do not allow dual citizenship.
When does a child born in Sweden become a Swedish citizen?
Sweden does not grant citizenship simply because a child is born in the country — citizenship follows the parents. A child born on or after 1 April 2015 automatically becomes a Swedish citizen if at least one parent is a Swedish citizen, regardless of the country of birth. Different rules apply to children born earlier.
What is the difference between Swedish citizenship and permanent residence?
A permanent residence permit (PUT) lets you live and work in Sweden without a time limit, but it is still a permit that can lapse or be revoked and gives no Swedish passport. Citizenship is a legal status that gives a passport, the right to vote in national elections, protection from deportation and EU citizenship.
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Sources
Official details can change. Always confirm what applies to your own case directly with the responsible authority.
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